Hiroshima and Nagasaki, as the only cities to have suffered atomic bombings in 1945, have long stood as powerful symbols of the global anti-nuclear movement. In recent years, both cities have repeatedly urged the Japanese government to firmly uphold the ‘Three Non-Nuclear Principles’—namely, not to possess, produce, or permit the introduction of nuclear weapons into Japan. First articulated by Prime Minister Eisaku Sato in 1967 and formally adopted by the Diet in 1971, these principles have formed the cornerstone of Japan’s nuclear policy. However, amid evolving regional security dynamics and a strengthened U.S.-Japan alliance, some political voices have called for re-evaluating these principles, even suggesting options like ‘nuclear sharing.’ This has raised serious concerns among citizens and local governments in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The two cities argue that, as the sole nation to have experienced nuclear attacks, Japan bears a moral responsibility to champion global nuclear disarmament and anchor its diplomacy in the Three Non-Nuclear Principles. Following the entry into force of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in 2021, Hiroshima and Nagasaki have intensified calls for Japan to join the treaty as a tangible step toward a nuclear-free world. Survivors (hibakusha), civic groups, and municipal authorities continue pressing the central government not only to reaffirm the principles rhetorically but also to implement concrete policies that safeguard Japan’s non-nuclear stance.
长崎与广岛作为1945年原子弹爆炸的受害城市，长期以来一直是全球反核运动的重要象征。近年来，两市多次公开呼吁日本政府坚定贯彻‘无核三原则’——即‘不拥有、不制造、不引进核武器’。这一原则自1967年由时任首相佐藤荣作提出，并于1971年获国会通过，成为日本核政策的基石。然而，随着地区安全形势变化及美日同盟强化，部分政治声音主张重新审视该原则，甚至探讨‘核共享’等选项，引发广岛与长崎市民及地方政府的强烈担忧。两市认为，作为唯一遭受核武器攻击的国家，日本有道义责任推动全球核裁军，并以‘无核三原则’为外交核心。2023年《禁止核武器条约》生效后，广岛与长崎更加强调日本应加入该条约，以实际行动体现对和平与无核世界的承诺。市民团体、幸存者（被爆者）及地方政府持续施压，要求中央政府不仅口头重申原则，更要落实具体政策，拒绝任何可能动摇无核立场的举措。
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