China has recently announced plans to accelerate the establishment of a data property rights registration system—a key step toward promoting market-oriented allocation of data resources and unlocking their economic value. As the digital economy rapidly expands, data has emerged as the fifth major factor of production, alongside land, labor, capital, and technology. However, challenges such as unclear data ownership, inefficient circulation, and inadequate rights protection have hindered the effective utilization of data assets. To address this, the government is developing a unified, standardized, and operational data rights registration framework that clarifies the boundaries of data ownership, usage, income rights, and disposal rights. This system will provide a legal foundation for secure data transactions, circulation, and protection. It is expected to incentivize businesses and other stakeholders to actively engage in data development, facilitate safe and orderly data flows, and mitigate risks related to data misuse and privacy breaches. As supporting laws, regulations, and standards mature, the data property rights registration system is poised to become a cornerstone infrastructure for China’s high-quality digital economic growth.
近日，中国宣布将加快建立数据产权登记制度，这是推动数据要素市场化配置、释放数据价值的重要举措。随着数字经济的快速发展，数据已成为继土地、劳动力、资本、技术之后的第五大生产要素。然而，当前数据权属不清、流通不畅、权益保障不足等问题制约了数据资源的有效利用。为此，国家正着手构建统一、规范、可操作的数据产权登记体系，明确数据的归属、使用、收益和处分等权利边界，为数据交易、流通和保护提供法律基础。该制度将有助于激发企业和社会主体参与数据开发的积极性，促进数据安全有序流动，同时防范数据滥用和隐私泄露风险。未来，随着相关法律法规和标准体系的完善，数据产权登记制度有望成为支撑中国数字经济高质量发展的关键基础设施。
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