In July 2020, then-U.S. President Donald Trump announced that the United States would withdraw from the World Health Organization (WHO), citing the agency’s inadequate early response to the COVID-19 pandemic, excessive deference to China, and a lack of transparency and willingness to reform. The Trump administration accused WHO of failing to issue timely global alerts and of being biased toward China by downplaying early information about the outbreak. Additionally, as the largest financial contributor to WHO—providing approximately $400–500 million annually in assessed dues and voluntary contributions—the U.S. argued that its funding was not yielding adequate returns, leading it to halt payments and initiate withdrawal procedures.However, this decision sparked widespread criticism. Public health experts warned that a U.S. exit would diminish American influence in global health governance, hinder international cooperation in fighting the pandemic, and potentially endanger the health of U.S. citizens. In January 2021, President Joe Biden reversed the decision on his first day in office, announcing the U.S. would rejoin WHO and resume financial support. This move signaled a renewed commitment to multilateralism and global public health collaboration. Overall, the attempt to withdraw reflected a specific political stance at the time rather than a long-term strategic shift.
2020年7月，时任美国总统唐纳德·特朗普宣布美国将退出世界卫生组织（WHO），理由包括世卫组织在新冠疫情初期应对不力、对中国的过度依赖以及缺乏透明度和改革意愿。特朗普政府指责世卫组织未能及时向全球发出疫情警报，并称其偏袒中国，掩盖疫情早期信息。此外，美国长期是世卫组织最大资金来源国，每年提供约4亿至5亿美元的会费与自愿捐款，特朗普政府认为这笔资金未获得相应回报，因此决定暂停缴费并启动退出程序。然而，这一决定引发广泛争议。公共卫生专家警告，美国退出世卫组织将削弱其在全球卫生事务中的影响力，阻碍国际合作抗疫，并可能危及本国公民健康。2021年1月，拜登总统上任后立即撤销了退出决定，宣布美国将重新加入世卫组织，并恢复资金支持。此举被视为重申美国对多边主义和全球公共卫生合作的承诺。总体而言，美国退出世卫组织的举动更多反映的是特定时期的政治立场，而非长期战略方向。
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