Recently, the United States has renewed its strategic interest in Greenland, with rumors resurfacing about potential attempts to ‘purchase’ the island or expand its military presence there. Although Greenland is an autonomous territory within the Kingdom of Denmark, its location at the heart of the Arctic grants it growing strategic significance due to abundant mineral resources—including rare earth elements—and control over emerging Arctic shipping routes. For China, increased U.S. influence in Greenland could have several implications: First, greater U.S. control would strengthen American dominance in Arctic governance, potentially marginalizing China’s role as a ‘Near-Arctic State.’ Second, if the U.S. secures access to Greenland’s critical minerals, it could reduce China’s current advantage in global rare earth supply chains. Third, expanded U.S. military or surveillance infrastructure on the island might enhance monitoring of Chinese and Russian activities in the Arctic, affecting China’s scientific research and maritime security. However, Greenland’s government insists on its right to self-determination, and local public opinion strongly opposes any form of sale or foreign takeover, making substantial U.S. control unlikely in the near term. China should continue engaging through peaceful cooperation, scientific collaboration, and responsible investment to safeguard its legitimate interests in the Arctic while remaining vigilant about geopolitical risks.
近期，美国再度表达对格陵兰岛的战略兴趣，甚至传出有意‘购买’或加强军事存在的消息。格陵兰岛虽属丹麦自治领地，但其地处北极核心区域，拥有丰富的矿产、稀土资源及关键航道控制权，战略价值日益凸显。对中国而言，美国强化在格陵兰的影响力可能带来多重影响：首先，若美国掌控该岛，将增强其在北极事务中的话语权，间接压缩中国作为‘近北极国家’参与北极治理的空间；其次，格陵兰蕴藏大量稀土和关键矿产，若被美国主导开发，可能削弱中国在全球关键资源供应链中的优势；再者，美国在格陵兰部署更多军事或监测设施，或将加强对中俄北极活动的监视，影响中国在北极的科研与航运安全。不过，格陵兰政府强调自主决策权，且当地民意普遍反对被‘交易’，短期内美国难以实质性控制该岛。中国应继续通过和平合作、科研参与和经济投资等方式，维护自身在北极的合法权益，同时警惕地缘政治风险。
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