The claim that ‘only China is stubbornly pursuing nuclear fusion’ is inaccurate, but it does reflect China’s strong commitment and substantial investment in fusion research. In fact, many countries and regions—including the EU, the U.S., Japan, South Korea, Russia, and India—are all collaborating on the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project to advance controlled nuclear fusion. However, China has stood out in recent years: it has delivered multiple critical components for ITER with high quality, built advanced domestic facilities like EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak), and repeatedly set world records for plasma confinement duration. In 2023, China’s new-generation ‘artificial sun,’ HL-2M, achieved high-confinement mode operation, marking a significant step forward. China prioritizes fusion because it promises a near-limitless, clean energy source—using abundant fuel like deuterium from seawater, producing minimal radioactive waste, and offering inherent safety. Facing energy security challenges and carbon neutrality goals, China views fusion as a strategic technological frontier and is scaling up investments to achieve grid-connected demonstration reactors by around 2050. Rather than being the only nation ‘grinding away,’ China is systematically advancing a long-term national strategy to help lead the global energy revolution.
‘为什么只有中国在死磕核聚变’这一说法并不准确，但确实反映出中国在核聚变研究领域的高度投入与坚定决心。实际上，全球多个国家和地区，包括欧盟、美国、日本、韩国、俄罗斯和印度等，都参与了国际热核聚变实验堆（ITER）项目，共同推进可控核聚变技术的发展。然而，中国近年来在该领域表现尤为突出：不仅高质量完成ITER任务中的多项关键部件交付，还自主建设了如EAST（全超导托卡马克核聚变实验装置）等先进实验平台，并多次刷新等离子体运行时间的世界纪录。2023年，中国新一代‘人造太阳’HL-2M实现高约束模式运行，标志着聚变研究进入新阶段。中国之所以如此重视核聚变，是因为其被视为未来清洁能源的终极解决方案——燃料来源丰富（如海水中的氘）、几乎无放射性废物、安全性高。面对能源安全与碳中和目标，中国将核聚变视为战略科技制高点，持续加大投入，力争在2050年前后实现工程示范堆并网发电。因此，与其说‘只有中国在死磕’，不如说中国正以系统性、长期性的国家战略推动人类能源革命。
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