Mineral resources have become a strategic vulnerability for the United States due to supply chain fragility and heavy reliance on imports of critical minerals. Although the U.S. is rich in mineral resources, it depends heavily on imports—particularly from China and the Democratic Republic of the Congo—for key materials such as rare earths, lithium, and cobalt. These minerals are essential for manufacturing high-tech products including semiconductors, batteries, and defense systems. Any disruption in their supply could directly harm U.S. technology, national security, and clean energy sectors. Geopolitical tensions, trade conflicts, and concentrated global supply chains further exacerbate this dependency, posing significant challenges to U.S. mineral security.
矿产资源之所以会“卡了美国的脖子”，主要原因在于其供应链的脆弱性和对关键矿产的进口依赖。美国虽拥有丰富的矿产资源，但在稀土、锂、钴等战略性矿产上严重依赖进口，尤其是从中国、刚果（金）等国。这些矿产是制造高科技产品（如半导体、电池、军工设备）的核心原料，一旦供应中断，将直接冲击美国的科技、国防和新能源产业。此外，地缘政治风险、贸易摩擦和全球供应链集中化加剧了这种依赖性，使美国在矿产安全上面临严峻挑战。
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