The Nanjing Massacre, which began on December 13, 1937, was one of the most horrific atrocities committed during Japan’s invasion of China in World War II. It resulted in the deaths of approximately 300,000 Chinese civilians and disarmed prisoners of war, marking a dark chapter in human history. Exploring the counterfactual scenario ‘What if the Nanjing Massacre had never happened?’ is a form of historical speculation intended to reflect on historical lessons—not to deny or downplay the actual atrocity.Had this event not occurred, the trajectory of Sino-Japanese relations might have been less burdened by collective trauma. However, this does not imply that other wartime crimes—such as biological warfare, forced labor, and the ‘comfort women’ system—would have vanished; these too represent grave humanitarian violations. Thus, even without the Nanjing Massacre, the inherent brutality and injustice of the war would remain undeniable.More importantly, confronting historical truth and remembering suffering are essential to preventing future tragedies. Commemorating the Nanjing Massacre is not about perpetuating hatred but about safeguarding peace and upholding human dignity. Any attempt to obscure historical facts through hypothetical reasoning risks undermining our understanding of justice and accountability. Therefore, such thought experiments must always be grounded in factual accuracy and aimed at fostering reconciliation and peace.
南京大屠杀是第二次世界大战期间日本侵华战争中最为惨烈的暴行之一，发生于1937年12月13日。它不仅造成约30万中国平民和战俘遇害，更成为人类文明史上的黑暗篇章。探讨‘假如南京大屠杀没有发生’属于一种反事实历史假设，其目的在于反思历史教训，而非否认或淡化真实发生的罪行。若这一事件未曾发生，中日关系的历史轨迹或许会有所不同，两国人民之间的情感创伤可能减轻。然而，这并不意味着日本侵华战争的其他暴行会消失——如细菌战、强征劳工、慰安妇制度等同样构成严重人道灾难。因此，即使没有南京大屠杀，战争本身的残酷性与非正义性依然存在。更重要的是，正视历史、铭记苦难，是防止悲剧重演的基础。对南京大屠杀的纪念不是为了延续仇恨，而是为了守护和平、捍卫人性尊严。任何试图通过假设来模糊历史真相的做法，都可能削弱我们对正义与责任的认知。因此，在进行此类思想实验时，必须以尊重史实为前提，以促进和解与和平为目标。
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