In recent years, as the strategic importance of rare earth elements (REEs) has grown globally, South Korea has been actively seeking to diversify its supply sources to reduce reliance on dominant suppliers like China. Against this backdrop, Vietnam—with its substantial rare earth reserves—has emerged as a key focus for South Korea. Estimates suggest Vietnam holds one of the world’s largest deposits, particularly rich in light rare earth elements concentrated in its northern regions.The South Korean government and private sector have engaged Vietnam multiple times to explore joint development of rare earth resources. For instance, South Korea’s Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy has promoted bilateral cooperation on critical minerals and encouraged domestic companies to invest in Vietnamese exploration and processing projects. Seoul also aims to support Hanoi with technological collaboration to build local capabilities in rare earth refining and separation, thereby establishing a geopolitically resilient supply chain.However, challenges remain. Vietnam currently lacks mature mining and environmentally sound processing technologies, raising concerns about ecological damage from large-scale extraction. Moreover, international competition is fierce, with China, Japan, and the U.S. all vying for access to Vietnam’s rare earth assets. The success of Korea-Vietnam cooperation will thus depend not only on mutual political will and technical synergy but also on balancing economic gains with sustainable development.
近年来，随着全球对稀土资源战略价值的重视不断提升，韩国正积极寻求多元化稀土供应渠道，以减少对中国等主要供应国的依赖。在此背景下，越南因其丰富的稀土储量成为韩国关注的重点对象。据估计，越南稀土储量位居世界前列，尤其在北部地区蕴藏大量轻稀土元素，具备开发潜力。韩国政府和企业已多次与越南方面接触，探讨合作开发稀土矿产的可能性。例如，韩国贸易、工业和能源部推动与越南在关键矿产领域的双边合作，并鼓励本国企业投资越南稀土勘探与加工项目。此外，韩国还希望通过技术合作，帮助越南建立稀土精炼和分离能力，从而构建一条不受地缘政治干扰的稳定供应链。然而，合作也面临挑战。越南目前缺乏成熟的稀土开采与环保处理技术，大规模开发可能带来环境风险；同时，国际竞争激烈，中国、日本、美国等国也在积极布局越南稀土资源。因此，韩越合作能否顺利推进，不仅取决于双方的政治意愿与技术互补性，还需平衡经济利益与可持续发展需求。
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