In 2023, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy proposed a ten-point peace plan aimed at ending the Russia-Ukraine war. However, Russia has clearly rejected this proposal on several key grounds. First, Moscow firmly opposes Ukraine’s demand for the full withdrawal of Russian forces from all occupied territories, including Crimea. Since annexing Crimea in 2014, Russia has treated it as integral Russian territory and shows no willingness to return it. Second, Ukraine’s insistence on restoring its 1991 borders directly contradicts Russia’s recognition of the so-called ‘Donetsk People’s Republic’ and ‘Luhansk People’s Republic’ as independent entities in the Donbas region. Third, Kyiv’s call for accountability—such as establishing a special tribunal to prosecute war crimes—is viewed by Moscow as an attack on its sovereignty and leadership, which it categorically rejects. Additionally, Ukraine’s pursuit of NATO security guarantees or eventual membership crosses a long-standing Russian ‘red line’ against NATO’s eastward expansion. Finally, Russia dismisses the Ukrainian peace plan as unrealistic and unilaterally imposed, arguing it fails to reflect the principle of equal negotiation. Consequently, despite repeated international appeals for dialogue, Russia continues to prioritize military means to achieve its strategic objectives and remains unwilling to accept Ukraine’s proposed peace framework in the near term.
乌克兰总统泽连斯基于2023年提出了一项十点和平计划，旨在结束俄乌冲突。然而，俄罗斯方面对该计划持明确拒绝态度，主要体现在以下几个方面：首先，俄方坚决反对乌方要求其完全撤出包括克里米亚在内的所有被占领土。自2014年吞并克里米亚以来，俄罗斯已将其视为本国领土，不可能接受归还。其次，乌克兰要求恢复其1991年边界，这与俄罗斯在顿巴斯地区承认“顿涅茨克人民共和国”和“卢甘斯克人民共和国”独立的立场直接冲突。第三，乌方主张追究战争罪责、设立特别法庭，而俄方视此为对其国家主权和领导层的敌对行为，断然拒绝。此外，乌克兰希望获得北约安全保障甚至加入北约，这触及俄罗斯长期坚持的“红线”，即反对北约东扩。最后，俄方认为乌版和平计划缺乏现实基础，是单方面强加的条件，未体现“平等谈判”原则。因此，尽管国际社会多次呼吁对话，俄方仍坚持通过军事手段实现其战略目标，短期内难以接受乌方提出的和平框架。
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